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Basics

How to Use Notes (Pencil Marks) in Sudoku

Notes are also called pencil marks or candidates.

A note is a small colored dot that marks a color that could still go in a cell. Notes write down what you have already worked out, so you do not have to keep it all in your head.
1

The board so far

BEFORE

We filled in notes for most of this board. Every dot marks a color that could still go in that cell, based on the bubbles already placed. Three cells down the middle of the center block are still empty. Help us finish them.

2

Only note what you can prove

Write a note only when you can prove it, never when you are guessing. A Turquoise bubble sits in this row, just outside the block, so the middle cell cannot be Turquoise. Turquoise can still go in the other two cells, so each one gets a Turquoise dot.

3

Note in stages

You do not have to note everything at once. The easiest stage is following one color through one block. A Dark Green bubble sits in this row too, so the middle cell cannot be Dark Green. Dark Green joins Turquoise in the other two cells. This stage is quick and keeps the board easy to read. So far you have narrowed two cells, but no cell has an answer yet.

4

Ask what fits in one cell

The next stage looks at one cell and asks what can still go there. This block is missing Orange, Dark Green, and Turquoise. The middle cell shares its row with Dark Green and Turquoise, so Orange is the only color that fits. Give it an Orange dot.

5

One dot left means one answer

When a cell has only one dot left, you have found its answer. Place Orange. After you place a bubble, remove its color from the notes in the same row, column, and block. Watch the three Orange dots disappear as the bubble lands.

6

Clean notes lead to new answers

AFTER

Removing those dots just solved another cell. Look two cells below. That cell had two dots, Orange and Dark Purple. The Orange dot is gone now, so only Dark Purple is left. Place it, and remove its notes too. One answer often leads to the next.

Color tints match the color being followed

Key Insight

Work through the stages in order. Follow a color to learn where it can go. Check a cell to learn what can go in it. Save full notes for the hardest boards. Clean your notes after every placement. Every technique after this one is read from your notes, so clean notes will keep leading you to answers.

Tips and Tricks

Note in pairs when you can. When a color has exactly two possible cells in a row, column, or block, mark both. Many later techniques look for a color with exactly two possible cells, so pair notes make those patterns easy to spot.
Note the tight cells first. A cell with two or three possible colors will give you an answer much sooner than a cell with six.
Clean before you scan. One leftover dot can hide a real answer or point you to a wrong one.
When you get stuck, add full notes to one block, not the whole board. Notes everywhere should be your last resort, not your starting point.

If you’re stuck on a puzzle, see what to try next, in order.

Bubble Sudoku’s hints walk you through notes on a real board, one step at a time.

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